Establishment and comparison of two methods to produce a rat model of mammary gland hyperplasia with hyperprolactinemia
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1590/s2175-97902022e18912Keywords:
Estradiol, Progesterone, Prolactin, Hyperplasia of mammary, HyperprolactinemiaAbstract
This study aimed to establish and compare models of mammary gland hyperplasia (MGH) with hyperprolactinemia (HPRL) using two different methods. The models provide information on the relationship between mammary gland hyperplasia and associated hormones. Model A was constructed using intramuscular injections of estradiol benzoate injection (EBI), followed by progesterone (P), and then metoclopramide dihydrochloride (MDI). Model B was designed by administering MDI, follow by EBI, and then P intramuscularly. Model B showed higher MGH progression compared with model A. Notably, increase in estradiol (E2) was negatively correlated with prolactin (PRL) secretion. However, PRL levels in model B were significantly higher compared with the levels in model A. Estrogen (ER), prolactin receptor (PRLR), and progesterone receptor (PR) mRNA and protein expression levels in model B rats were positively correlated with changes in the corresponding hormone levels. However, E2, P, and PRL levels in model A showed no direct relationship with levels of the mRNAs of related hormones and protein expression levels. Our results suggest that model B is an appropriate model of MGH with HPRL that can be used to perform further studies about the interactions of the E2, P, and PRL hormones in this disorder.
Downloads
References
Akbas EM, Gungor A, Ozdemir C, Bilen H. Unusually High Prolactin Level for Medication-induced hyperprolactinemia: A Case Report. Eurasian J Med. 2013;45(2):138-40.
Arendt LM, Rugowski DE, Grafwallner-Huseth TA, Garcia-Barchino MJ, Rui H, Schuler LA. Prolactin-induced mouse mammary carcino-mas model estrogen resistant luminal breast cancer. Breast Cancer Res. 2011;13:R11.
Ben-Jonathan N, LaPensee CR, LaPensee EW. What can we learn from rodents about prolactin in humans? Endocr Rev. 2008;29(1):1-41.
Berinder K, Akre O, Granath F, Hulting AL. Cancer risk in hyperprolactinemia patients: a population-based cohort study. Eur J Endocrinol. 2011;165(2):209-15.
Bo QJ, Wang ZM, Li XB, Ma X, Wang CY, de Leon J. Adjunctive metformin for antipsychotic-induced hyperprolactinemia: A systematic review. Psychiatry Res. 2016;237:257-63.
Chen T, Li J, Chen J, Song H, Yang C. Anti-hyperplasia effects of Rosa rugosa polyphenols in rats with hyperplasia of mammary gland. Environ Toxicol Pharmacol. 2015;39(2):990-6.
Chen YG, Li LJ, Guo H, Zou JL, He J, Wang YM. Effect of the optimal prescription of huiru yizeng on hyperprolactinemia and hyperplasia of mammary glands in model rats. Her Med. 2017;36(1):37-40.
Chuffa LG, Lupi-Júnior LA, Costa AB, Amorim JP, Seiva FR. The role of sex hormones and steroid receptors on female reproductive cancer. Steroids. 2017;118:93-108.
Cortez V, Samayoa C, Zamora A, Martinez L, Tekmal RR, Vadlamudi RK. PELP1 overexpression in the mouse mammary gland results in the development of hyperplasia and carcinoma. Cancer Res. 2014;74(24):7395-405.
Ding L, Erdmann C, Chinnaiyan AM, Merajver SD, Kleer CG. Identification of EZH2 as a molecular marker for a precancerous state in morphologically normal breast tissues. Cancer Res. 2006;66(8):4095-9.
Ellis IO. Intraductal proliferative lesions of the breast: morphology, associated risk and molecular biology. Mod Pathol. 2010;Suppl 2:S1-7.
Frank A, Brown LM, Clegg DJ. The Role of Hypothalamic Estrogen Receptors in Metabolic Regulation. Front. Neuroendocrinol. 2014;35(4):550-7.
Guo H, Wu JH, Chen YG, Peng SW. Optimization of Huiru Yizeng I Prescription for Trealing Hyperplasia of Mammary Glands. Chin J Exp Tradit Med Formulae. 2015;21(19):133-6.
Gupta JC, Hada RS, Sahai P, Talwar GP. Development of a novel recombinant LHRH fusion protein for therapy of androgen and estrogen dependent cancer. Protein Expr Purif. 2017;134:132-8.
Jia Y, Liu X, Jia Q, Zhang W, Sun C, Yuan D, et al. The anti-hyperplasia of mammary gland effect of protein extract HSS from Tegillarca granosa. Biomed Pharmacother. 2017;85:1-6.
Lv P, Chong Y, Zou H, Chen X. A study of using massage therapy accompanied with stretching exercise for rehabilitation of mammary gland hyperplasia. Biomed Res Int. 2016;2016:9426167.
Ormandy CJ, Camus A, Barra J, Damotte D, Lucas B, Buteau H, et al. Null mutation of the prolactin receptor gene produces multiple reproductive defects in the mouse. Genes Dev. 1997;11(2):167-78.
Petraitiene R, Petraitis V, Bacher J, Das SR, Parlow AF, Walsh TJ. Cyclosporine A-induced mammary hyperplasia and hyperprolactinemia in New Zealand White rabbits. Comp Med. 2001;51(5):430-5.
Raghuthaman G, Venkateswaran R, Krishnadas R. Adjunctive aripiprazole in risperidone-induced hyperprolactinaemia: double-blind, randmised, placebo-controlled trial. BJPsych Open. 2015;1(2):172-7.
Rasmussen LM, Frederiksen KS, Din N, Galsgaard E, Christensen L, Berchtold MW, et al. Prolactin and oestrogen synergistically regulate gene expression and proliferation of breast cancer cells. Endocr Relat Cancer. 2010;17(3):809-22.
Riecher-Rossler A. Oestrogens, prolactin, hypothalamic- pituitary-gonadal axis, and schizophrenic psychoses. Lancet Psychiatry. 2017;4(1):63-72.
Schlechte JA. Clinical practice. Prolactinoma. N Engl J Med. 2003;349(21):2035-41.
Shoker BS, Jarvis C, Sibson DR, Walker C, Sloane JP. Oestrogen receptor expression in the normal and pre- cancerous breast. J Pathol. 1999;188(3):237-44.
Silva-Alves LM, Barcelos Filho PC, Franci CR. Estrogen receptors ERα and ERβ participation in hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis activation by hemorrhagic stress. Neuroscience. 2017;349:239-52.
Sun L, Guo DH, Liu F, Liu Q, Jiang N, Sun YF, et al. A mouse model of mammary hyperplasia induced by oral hormone administration. Afr J Tradit Complement Altern Med. 2017;14(4):247-52.
Traslaviña GA, Franci CR. The CRH-R1 receptor mediates luteinizing hormone, prolactin, corticosterone and progesteronesecretion induced by restraint stress in estrogen-primed rats. Brain Res. 2011;1421:11-9.
Wang X, Chen YG, Liu XG, Li JY, Zou JL, Wu JH. Effects of the serum prolactin and the pathomorphology change of glandular tissue of Huiru Yizeng I on Hyperprolactinemia in Rats. Chin Tradit Patent Med. 2013a;35(9):2019-22.
Wang X, Chen YG, Ma L, Li ZH, Li JY, Liu XG, et al. Effect of Chinese medical herbs-Huiru Yizeng Yihao on hyperprolactinemia and hyperplasia of mammary gland in mice. Afr J Tradit Complement Altern Med. 2013b;10(4):24-35.
Zhao Z, Li L, Du P, Ma L, Zhang W, Zheng L, et al. Transcriptional downregulation of miR-4306 serves as a new therapeutic target for triple negative breast cancer. Theranostics. 2019;9(5):1401-16.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2022 Brazilian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
All content of the journal, except where identified, is licensed under a Creative Commons attribution-type BY.
The on line journal has open and free access.
How to Cite
Funding data
-
Natural Science Foundation of Hubei Province
Grant numbers Program 2014CFC1044 -
Health and Family Planning Commission of Wuhan Municipality
Grant numbers WZ16B04 and WZ17A06
