Os Commonwealthmen a serviço da liberdade: a oposição a Guilherme III e ao “cânone republicano”
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.11606/issn.2318-8863.discurso.2022.206608Palavras-chave:
neo-republicanismo, liberalismo, commonwealthmen, Inglaterra, 1688, ação políticaResumo
A historiografia neo-republicana de Cambridge estabeleceu uma franca distinção entre republicanismo e liberalismo que merece ser reexaminada. Este artigo busca contribuir para esse debate, propondo um estudo de caso dos commonwealthmen ou republicanos que apoiaram a revolução de 1688 na Inglaterra, mas que se opuseram à nova cultura política e à nova “economia de crédito” do reino de Guilherme III na década de 1690. Ao desviarmos nosso olhar do republicanismo enquanto linguagem para situá-lo sob o republicanismo enquanto cultura, bem como modo de ação política, é possível constatar uma porosidade entre direitos naturais e virtude cívica, mas também entre liberdade negativa e liberdade positiva.
Downloads
Referências
Anônimo. (1699). Cursory remarks upon some late disloyal proceedings in several ca-bals.
Appleby, J. (2012). “A Life of Learning”. Charles Homer Haskins Prize Lecture for 2012. ACLS Occasional Paper, nº 69.
Armitage, D.; Himy. A; Skinner, Q. (org.). (1995). Milton and Republicanism. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Berlin, I. (1969). “Two concepts of liberty”. [1958]. In: Four Essays on Liberty. Ox-ford: Oxford University Press.
Braddick, M. (2018). The Common Freedom of the People, John Lilburne and the English Revolution. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Brewer, J. (1989). The Sinews of Power: War, Money, and the English State, 1688–1783. Londres: Routledge.
Burtt, S. (1992). Virtue Transformed, Political Argument in England, 1688-1740. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Clark, P. (2000). British Clubs and Societies, 1580-1800, The Origins of an Associa-tional World. Oxford: Clarendon Press.
Collinson, P. (1987). “The Monarchical Republic of Queen Elizabeth I”. Bulletin of the John Rylands University Library of Manchester, nº 69/2, p. 394–424.
Collinson, P. (1990) De Republica Anglorum Or, history with the politics put back. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Cowan, B. (2004). “The Rise of the Coffeehouse”. The Historical Journal, vol. 47, nº 1, p. 21-46.
Davis, J. C. (1993). “Against Formality: one aspect of the English Revolution”. Transactions of the Royal Historical Society, vol. 3, p. 265-288.
Davis, J. C. (2018). “James Harrington and the Rule of King People”. In: Márquez, X. (org.). Democratic Moments: Reading Democratic Texts. London: Bloomsbury Academic.
De Krey, G. S. (1983). “Political radicalism in London after the Glorious Revolu-tion”. In: The Journal of Modern History, vol. 55, nº 4.
De Krey, G. S. (2017). Following the Levellers. Political and Religious Radicals in the Eng-lish Civil War and Revolution, 1645–1649. London: Palgrave Macmillan, 2 vols.
Dickson, P. (1967). The Financial Revolution in England. Londres: Macmillan, 1967.
Dziembowski, E. (2019). Le Siècle des Révolutions, 1660-1789. Paris: Perrin.
Fournel, J.-L.; Zancarini, J.-C. (2011). La Grammaire de la République. Langages de la politique chez Francesco Giucciardini (1583-1540). Genève: Droz.
Goldie, M. (1980). “The Roots of True Whiggism, 1688-94”. History of Political Thought, vol. 1, nº 2, p. 195-236.
Goldie, M. (2001). “The unacknowledged republic: officeholding in early modern England”. In: Harris, T. (org.). The Politics of the Excluded. Palgrave, p. 153-198.
Hamel, C. (2012). L’Esprit républicain. Droits naturels et vertu civique chez Algernon Sidney. Paris: Classiques Garnier.
Hammersley, R. (2019). James Harrington, An Intellectual Biography. Oxford: Ox-ford University Press.
Harrington, J. (1992). The Commonwealth of Oceana and A System of Politics. Ed. J.G.A. Pocock. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Harris, T. (1990). London Crowds in the Reign of Charles II. Propaganda and Poli-tics from the Restoration until the Exclusion Crisis. Cambridge: Cambridge Uni-versity Press.
Harris, T. (2007). Revolution, The Great Crisis of the British Monarchy, 1685-1720 [2006]. Londres: Penguin.
Hoppit, J. (2000). A Land of Liberty? England 1689-1727. Oxford: Oxford Univer-sity Press.
Horwitz, H. (1977). Parliament, Policy and Politics in the reign of William III. Manchester: Manchester University Press.
Knights, M. (2005). Representation and misrepresentation in later Stuart England. Partisanship and Political Culture. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Losurdo, D. (2013). Contre-histoire du libéralisme [2006]. Paris: La Découverte.
Macpherson, C. B. (2011). The political theory of possessive individualism: Hobbes to Locke [1962]. Oxford: Oxford University Press
Mahlberg, G.; Wiemann, D. (org.). (2014). Perspectives on English Revolutionary Republicanism. Aldershot: Ashgate.
Maltzahn, N. von. (1995). “The Whig Milton, 1667-1700”. In: Armitage, D.; Himy, A.; Skinner, Q. (eds.). Milton and Republicanism. Cambridge: Cam-bridge University Press.
McDiarmid, J. F. (org.). (2007). The monarchical republic of early modern England: Essays in response to Patrick Collinson. Aldershot: Routledge.
McNally, D. (1989). “Locke, Levellers and Liberty: Property and Democracy in the thought of the First Whigs”. History of Political Thought, vol. 10, nº 1.
Milton, J. (1991). Political Writings. Ed. Martin Dzelzainis. Cambridge: Cam-bridge University Press.
Petit, P. (1997). Republicanism: a theory of freedom and government. Oxford: Ox-ford University Press.
Pocock, J. G. A. (2003). The Machiavellian Moment: Florentine political thought and the Atlantic republican tradition [1975]. Princeton and Oxford: Princeton Uni-versity Press.
Pocock, J. G. A. ; Ashcraft, R. (1980). John Locke. Papers read at a Clark Library Seminar 10 December 1977. Los Angeles: William Andrews Clark Memorial Library, University of California.
Raymond, J. (2003). Pamphlets and pamphleteering in early modern Britain. Cam-bridge: Cambridge University Press.
Robbins, C. (1968). The Eighteenth-Century Commonwealthman, Studies in the Transmission, Development and Circumstance of English Liberal Thought from the Restoration of Charles II until the War with the Thirteen Colonies. [1959]. New York: Atheneum.
Schwoerer, L. G. (1965). “The Literature of the Standing Army Controversy, 1697-1699”. In: Huntington Library Quarterly, vol. 28, nº 3, p. 187-212.
Schwoerer, L. G. (1965). “The Literature of the Standing Army Controversy, 1697-1699”. Huntington Library Quarterly, vol. 28, nº 3, p. 187-212
Schwoerer, L. G. (1990). “Locke, Lockean Ideas, and the Glorious Revolution”. Journal of the History of Ideas, vol. 51, nº 4, p. 531-548.
Scott, J. (2000). England’s Troubles: Seventeenth-century English political instability in European context. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Scott, J. (2002). “Classical Republicanism in Seventeenth-century England and the Netherlands”. In: Van Gelderen, M.; Skinner, Q. (ed.). Republicanism, A Shared European Heritage. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, vol. 1, p. 61-81.
Scott, J. (2004). Commonwealth principles, Republican writings of the English revo-lution. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Skinner, Q. (1998). Liberty before liberalism. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Skinner, Q. (2002a). Visions of Politics, vol. 2: Renaissance Virtues. Cambridge: Cam-bridge University Press.
Skinner, Q. (2002b). “A Third Concept of Liberty”. Proceedings of the British Acad-emy, nº 117, p. 237-268.
Wilson, K. (1989). “Inventing Revolution: 1688 and Eighteenth-Century Popular Politics”. Journal of British Studies, vol. 28, nº 4, p. 349-386.
Downloads
Publicado
Edição
Seção
Licença
Copyright (c) 2022 Frédéric Herrmann; Thiago Vargas
Este trabalho está licenciado sob uma licença Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
O trabalho da Discurso foi licenciado com uma Licença Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International.
Os autores aqui publicados mantém os direitos sobre seus artigos
De acordo com os termos seguintes:
-
Atribuição [BY] — Deve-se dar o crédito apropriado, prover um link para a licença e indicar se mudanças foram feitas.
-
NãoComercial [NC] — É proibido o uso deste material para fins comerciais.
-
CompartilhaIgual [SA] — Caso haja remixagem, transformação ou criação a partir do material, é necessário distribuir as suas contribuições sob a mesma licença que o original.
