Fatores que influenciam o desmame no recém-nascido prematuro
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.7322/jhgd.19967Palavras-chave:
recém-nascido, prematuro, desmameResumo
OBJETIVO: verificar os principais fatores que influenciam o desmame em prematuros nascidos em maternidade pública da cidade de São Paulo. MÉTODO: estudaram-se 89 prematuros de baixo peso acompanhados em ambulatório, no período de agosto de 2006 a maio de 2007. Esses prematuros foram divididos em dois grupos conforme a presença de desmame parcial (introdução de complemento lácteo por mamadeira) ou desmame total (interrupção do aleitamento materno). Foram estudadas variáveis maternas e das crianças, obtidas por meio de entrevista com a mãe e consulta a prontuários. Na análise estatística, utilizaram-se os testes t (Student) e de correlação (Spearman). Adotou-se o nível de significância de 5%. RESULTADOS: a média de idade para o desmame parcial foi de 1,41 meses. Mães que realizaram ordenha durante a internação, ou que iniciaram ou retornaram ao trabalho, introduziram mamadeira mais tardiamente. Quanto menor o peso ao nascer e a idade gestacional, mais tardia a introdução da mamadeira. Quanto menor a idade de introdução da chupeta, mais precoce o desmame parcial. A média de idade para o desmame total foi de 2,93 meses. Mães que internaram na enfermaria canguru, ou que iniciaram ou voltaram ao trabalho, interromperam o aleitamento materno mais tardiamente. CONSIDERAÇÕES FINAIS: os achados do presente trabalho apontam para a importância de fatores controláveis pela equipe de saúde na prevenção do desmame precoce em prematuros, como ordenha, metodologia canguru e orientação para o não uso de chupetas. Fatores não controláveis como peso ao nascer e trabalho materno, mostraram-se indicativos de maior permanência do aleitamento materno.Downloads
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