Self-Care and Resilience in People with Diabetes Mellitus in the COVID-19 Pandemic

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.1590/1982-4327e3335

Keywords:

diabetes mellitus, COVID-19, resilience psychological, self care

Abstract

Isolation and social distancing imposed adjustments in the lifestyle of people with diabetes mellitus (DM), who are more likely to develop more severe forms of COVID-19. This study aimed to analyze the relationship between self-care and resilience in people with DM during the COVID-19 pandemic. This is an observational-cross-sectional web survey with 1,475 Brazilian adults with DM. An instrument of sociodemographic and clinical variables and the DSC and CD-RISC 10 scales were used from March to October 2020. An increase in average resilience was observed with increasing age and that it was higher among proper self-care behaviors. The highest averages of resilience were found for men, with T2DM, under oral medication, no change in DM control during the pandemic, those who had telemedicine consultations, and were isolated. The development of resilience is suggested as a protective factor in clinical practice in DM.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Boni, R. B. D. (2020). Websurveys nos tempos de COVID-19. Cadernos de Saúde Pública, 36(7), e00155820. https://doi.org/10.1590/0102-311X00155820

Centro Regional de Estudos para o Desenvolvimento da Sociedade da Informação. (2023). Pesquisa sobre o uso das tecnologias de informação e comunicação nos domicílios brasileiros: TIC Domicílios 2022 [Survey on the use of information and communication technologies in Brazilian households: ICT Households 2022]. São Paulo: Comitê Gestor da Internet no Brasil. https://cetic.br/media/docs/publicacoes/2/20230825143720/tic_domicilios_2022_livro_eletronico.pdf

Connor, K. M., & Davidson, J. R. T. (2003). Development of a new resilience scale: The Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC). Depression and Anxiety, 18(2), 76-82. http://doi.org/10.1002/da.10113

Crump, C., Sundquist, J., Winkleby, M. A., & Sundquist, K. (2016). Stress resilience and subsequent risk of type 2 diabetes in 1.5 million young men. Diabetology, 59(4), 728-733. http://doi.org/10.1007/s00125-015-3846-7

Eid, L. P., Leopoldino, S. A. D., Oller, G. A. S. A. O., Pompeo, D. A., Martins, M. A., & Gueroni, L. P. B. (2018). Factors related to self-care activities of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Escola Anna Nery, 22(4), e20180046. https://doi.org/10.1590/2177-9465-EAN-2018-0046

Eysenbach, G. (2004). Improving the Quality of Web Surveys: The Checklist for Reporting Results of Internet E-Surveys (CHERRIES). Journal of Medical Internet Research, 6(3), e34. https://doi.org/10.2196/jmir.6.3.e34

Eberle, C., & Stichling, S. (2021). Impact of COVID-19 lockdown on glycemic control in patients with type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus: A systematic review. Diabetology & Metabolic Syndrome, 13(1), 95. http://doi.org/10.1186/s13098-021-00705-9

Hage, Z. C. M., & Kublikowski, I. (2019). Estilos de uso e significados dos autorretratos no Instagram: Identidades narrativas de adultos jovens brasileiros. Estudos e Pesquisas em Psicologia, 19(2), 522-539. https://doi.org/10.12957/epp.2019.44285

Lopes, V. R., & Martins, M. C. F. (2011). Validação factorial da escala de resiliência de Connor-Davidson (CD-RISC-10) para brasilieiros [Factorial validation of the Connor-Davidson resilience scale (CD-RISC-10) for Brazilians]. Revista Psicologia Organizações e Trabalho, 11(2), 36-50. http://pepsic.bvsalud.org/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1984-66572011000200004

Martínez, N., Connelly, C. D., Pérez, A., & Calero, P. (2021). Self-care: A concept analysis. International Journal of Nursing Sciences, 8(4), 418-425. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijnss.2021.08.007

McCoy, M. A., & Theeke, L. A. (2019). A systematic review of the relationships among psychosocial factors and coping in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus. International Journal of Nursing Sciences, 6(4), 468-477. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijnss.2019.09.003

Michels, M. J., Coral, M. H. C., Sakae, T. M., Damas, T. B., & Furlanetto, L. M. (2010). Questionário de Atividades de Autocuidado com o Diabetes: Tradução, adaptação e avaliação das propriedades psicométricas [Questionnaire of Self-Care Activities with Diabetes: Translation, adaptation and evaluation of psychometric properties]. Arquivos Brasileiros de Endocrinologia & Metabologia, 54(7), 644-651. http://doi.org/10.1590/S0004-27302010000700009

Ministério da Saúde. Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde. Departamento de Vigilância de Doenças e Agravos Não Transmissíveis e Promoção da Saúde. (2021). Vigitel 2020: Vigilância de fatores de risco e proteção para doenças crônicas por inquérito telefônico [Vigitel 2020: Surveillance of risk and protection factors for chronic diseases by telephone survey]. Ministério da Saúde. https://www.gov.br/saude/pt-br/centrais-de-conteudo/publicacoes/svsa/vigitel/relatorio-vigitel-2020-original.pdf/

Ministério da Saúde. (2022a, 2 de junho). Portaria No. 1.348, de 2 de junho de 2022. Dispõe sobre as ações e serviços de Telessaúde no âmbito do Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS) [Provides for Telehealth actions and services within the scope of the Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS)]. Ministério da Saúde. https://bvsms.saude.gov.br/bvs/saudelegis/gm/2022/prt1348_03_06_2022.html

Ministério da Saúde. (2022b, 6 de junho). Portaria No. 1.355, de 3 de junho de 2022. Institui o projeto Unidade Básica de Saúde Digital - UBS Digital no âmbito da Atenção Primária à Saúde [Establishes the Digital Basic Health Unit - Digital UBS project within the scope of Primary Health Care]. Diário Oficial da União. https://www.cosemssp.org.br/wp-content/uploads/2022/06/PORTARIA-No-1.355-DE-3-DE-JUNHO-DE-2022-Institui-o-projeto-Unidade-Basica-de-Saude-Digital-UBS-Digital-no-ambito-da-Atencao-Primaria-a-Saude.pdf

Muzy, J., Campos, M. R., Emmerick, I., Silva, R. S., & Schramm, J. M. A. (2021). Prevalence of diabetes mellitus, its complications and characterization of the lagoons in health care based on the triangulation of investigations. Cadernos de Saúde Pública, 37(5), e00076120. http://doi.org/10.1590/0102-311X00076120

Ojo, O., Wang, X. H., Ojo, O. O., Orjih, E., Pavithran, N., Adegboye, A. R. A., Feng, Q. Q., & McCrone, P. (2022). The effects of COVID-19 lockdown on glycaemic control and lipid profile in patients with type 2 diabetes: A systematic review and meta-analysis. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19(3), 1095. http://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19031095

Peres, I. T., Bastos, L. S. L., Gelli, J. G. M., Marchesi, J. F., Dantas, L. F., Antunes, B. B. P., Maçaira, P. M., Baião, F. A., Hamacher, S., & Bozza, F. A. (2021). Sociodemographic factors associated with COVID-19 in-hospital mortality in Brazil. Public Health, 192, 15-20. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.puhe.2021.01.005

Saya, A., Proietti, L., Lisi, G., Ribolsi, M., Uccioli, L., Niolu, C., & Siracusano, A. (2020). Traumatic experiences and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Rivista di Psichiatria, 55(6), 349-354. http://doi.org/10.1708/3503.34893

Seib, C., Porter-Steele, J., Ng, S. K., Turner, J., McGuire, A., McDonald, N., Balaam, S., Yates, P., McCarthy, A., & Anderson, D. (2018). Life stress and symptoms of anxiety and depression in women after cancer: The mediating effect of stress appraisal and coping. Psychooncology, 27(7), 1787-1794. http://doi.org/10.1002/pon.4728

Silva-Tinoco, R., González-Cantú, A., Torre-Sandaña, V., Guzmán-Olvera, E., Cuatecontzi-Xochitiotzi, T., Castillo-Martínez, L., Romero-Ibarguengoitia, E., Nahuacatl-López, A., Castillo-Galindo, C., Orea-Tejeda, A., Serna-Alvarado, J., León-García, E., & Ochoa-Moreno, J. (2021). Effect in self-care behavior and difficulties in coping with diabetes during the COVID-19 pandemic. Revista Mexicana de Endocrinología, Metabolismo y Nutrición, 8, 13-9. http://doi.org/10.24875/RME.20000063

Solano, J. P. C., Bracher, E. S. B., Faisal-Cury, A., Ashmawi, H. A., Carmona, M. J. C., Lotufo Neto, F., & Vieira, J. E. (2016). Factor structure and psychometric properties of the Connor-Davidson resilience scale among Brazilian adult patients. São Paulo Medical Journal, 134(5), 400-406. http://doi.org/10.1590/1516-3180.2015.02290512

Stainton, A., Chisholm, K., Kaiser, N., Rosen, M., Upthegrove, R., Ruhrmann, S., & Wood, S. J. (2019). Resilience as a multimodal dynamic process. Early Intervention in Psychiatry, 13(4), 725-732. http://doi.org/10.1111/eip.12726

Suzin, J., Biondo, C., & Nicoletto, B. B. (2022). Impacto da pandemia sobre mudanças alimentares de pacientes com diabetes mellitus tipo 2: Uma revisão sistemática [The impact of the pandemic on food consumption in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: A systematic review]. Clinical and Biomedical Research, 42(2), 135-143. https://doi.org/10.22491/2357-9730.120144

Verma, A., Rajput, R., Verma, S., Balania, V. K. B., & Jangra, B. (2020). Impact of lockdown in COVID 19 on glycemic control in patients with type 1 Diabetes Mellitus. Diabetes & Metabolic Syndrome: Clinical Research & Reviews, 14(5), 1213-1216. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsx.2020.07.016

Wang, R. H., Hsu, H. C., Kao, C. C., Yang, Y. M., Lee, Y. J., & Shin, S. J. (2017). Associations of changes in psychosocial factors and their interactions with diabetes distress in patients with type 2 diabetes: A longitudinal study. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 73(5), 1137-1146. http://doi.org/10.1111/jan.13201

World Health Organization. (2019). WHO consolidated guideline on self‐careinterventions for health: Sexual and reproductive health and rights. WHO. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK544164/

Zhang, Y., Yang, Z., Zhang, H., Xu, C., & Liu, T. (2022). The role of resilience in diabetes stigma among young and middle-aged patients with type 2 diabetes. Nursing Open, 10, 1776-1784. https://doi.org/10.1002/nop2.1436

Zhao F. F., Suhonen, R., Katajisto, J., Stolt, M., Leino-Kilpi, H. (2019). Association between diabetes-related self-care activities and positive health: a cross-sectional study. BMJ Open, 9, e023878. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2018-023878

Zhou, M., Wang, H., Yu, J., Luo, D., Zhu, M., Zhang, M., Xu, J., & Yang, T. (2023). Diabetes distress and disordered eating behaviors in youth with type 1 diabetes: The mediating role of self-regulatory fatigue and the moderating role of resilience. Journal of Eating Disorders, 11(1), 123. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40337-023-00838-4

Downloads

Published

2024-05-06

Issue

Section

Psychology of Health

How to Cite

Binhardi, B. A. ., Torquato, M. T. da C. G. ., Scorsolini-Comin, F. ., Zanetti, M. L. ., Franco, L. J., & Teixeira, C. R. de S. . (2024). Self-Care and Resilience in People with Diabetes Mellitus in the COVID-19 Pandemic. Paidéia (Ribeirão Preto), 33, e3335. https://doi.org/10.1590/1982-4327e3335