Teoria da história de vida: uma perspectiva evolucionista para a compreensão do desenvolvimento humano

Autores

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.1590/0103-6564e230050

Palavras-chave:

psicologia evolucionista, ambiente de desenvolvimento, plasticidade, diferenças individuais

Resumo

Desenvolvida na biologia para entender a evolução das espécies, a teoria da história de vida passou a ser aplicada na psicologia para compreender as diferenças individuais no desenvolvimento em resposta a condições ambientais específicas. Devido ao seu potencial heurístico para compreensão do comportamento humano, o objetivo deste trabalho foi descrever a incorporação da THV pela psicologia, apresentando seus fundamentos teóricos e conceituais nesse novo campo, tais como contínuo rápido-lento, covariação entre traços psicológicos e estratégias de história de vida. Discutimos com base em trabalhos empíricos as previsões da teoria sobre a influência da imprevisibilidade e severidade ambientais nos traços psicológicos. São revisados trabalhos nas áreas do desenvolvimento, comportamento sexual e antissocial, personalidade e psicopatologia. São apresentadas críticas e contracríticas do seu uso na psicologia. Finalmente, abordamos limitações dos estudos de THV na psicologia. Argumentamos que estudos nessa área podem contribuir para o desenvolvimento de soluções aos problemas sociais atuais.

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2024-10-15

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Teoria da história de vida: uma perspectiva evolucionista para a compreensão do desenvolvimento humano. (2024). Psicologia USP, 35. https://doi.org/10.1590/0103-6564e230050