Capacidade de sprints repetidos em jovens futebolistas: efeitos da maturação esquelética, crescimento e aptidão aeróbia
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.11606/issn.1981-4690.2023e37230484Palavras-chave:
Adolescentes, Desempenho físico, Futebol, Idade biológicaResumo
O objetivo do presente estudo foi determinar a contribuição da capacidade de endurance intermitente, idade cronológica, maturação esquelética, tamanho e composição corporal nas variações interindividuais do desempenho em sprints repetidos em adolescentes jogadores de futebol. Participaram do presente estudo 35 jogadores de futebol (idade: 14,9 ± 0,6 anos) de um clube de futebol profissional da Série A do campeonato brasileiro. As avaliações antropométricas e determinação da idade esquelética (método Fels) foram realizadas inicialmente em todos os jogadores (semana 1). As avaliações antropométricas incluíram as medidas de massa corporal, estatura e dobras cutâneas (tricipital e subescapular). As dobras cutâneas foram somadas para fornecer um índice de adiposidade subcutânea. Os participantes realizaram o teste de Carminatti (T-CAR) para a avaliação da capacidade de endurance intermitente (representada pelo pico de velocidade no T-CAR [PVT-CAR]) e um protocolo (6 x 20+20 m) para avaliar a capacidade de sprints repetidos (RSA: melhor tempo [MTRSA] e tempo médio [TMRSA]) (semana 2). Correlações de Pearson e análises de regressão múltipla foram utilizadas para verificar a relação das variáveis independentes com o desempenho em sprints repetidos. Foi adotado o nível de significância de 5%. A idade cronológica, a idade esquelética e o PVT-CAR foram positivamente correlacionados com o MTRSA (r=0,42, 0,46 e 0,38; p<0,05) e TMRSA (r=0,53, 0,45 e 0,52; p<0,05), respectivamente. Além disso, a massa corporal e a adiposidade foram preditoras negativas do desempenho em sprints repetidos. As variáveis independentes explicaram 39% e 49% da variação interindividual do MTRSA e TMRSA, respectivamente. Em conclusão, a maturação esquelética, tamanho corporal, adiposidade, idade cronológica e a capacidade de endurance intermitente apresentaram associação de forma independente com a capacidade de sprints repetidos em jovens futebolistas.
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