Significados que le atribuyen las personas que viven con el VIH al tabaquismo
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.11606/issn.1806-6976.smad.2023.187514Palabras clave:
Tabaquismo, HIV, Síndrome de Inmunodeficiencia Adquirida, Investigación CualitativaResumen
Objetivo: comprender el significado del tabaquismo en la vida de las personas que viven con
el virus de la inmunodeficiencia humana. Metodología: investigación cualitativa que incluyó a
38 fumadores que viven con el virus de la inmunodeficiencia humana, atendidos en consultas
externas especializadas del interior de São Paulo. Los datos se obtuvieron a través de entrevistas
semiestructuradas y se analizaron utilizando el marco metodológico del Discurso Colectivo del
Sujeto. Resultados: la mayoría de los encuestados era de sexo masculino (63,1%), tenía una
edad media de 41,8 ± 10,4 años; el 10,5% consumía drogas ilícitas y el 44,7% alcohol y el 63,1%
no practicaba actividad física. Tres ideas centrales distintas surgieron de los discursos: I) Me da
placer, alivia el estrés y la ansiedad, es un compañero, pero causa daño, arrepentimiento y odio;
II) Está asociado con mi rutina, con la bebida, las drogas, el café y los amigos y III) Mi relación
con el cigarrillo tras el descubrimiento del virus de la inmunodeficiencia humana. Conclusión: el
consumo de tabaco se relacionó con condiciones emocionales y conductuales y con la infección
por el virus de la inmunodeficiencia humana. Reconocer los significados del tabaquismo puede
favorecer las estrategias de prevención y control del tabaquismo en este grupo poblacional.
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Derechos de autor 2023 SMAD, Revista Eletrônica Saúde Mental Álcool e Drogas (Edição em Português)
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