An Island Called Brazil: Irish Paradise in Brazilian Past

Authors

  • Geraldo Cantarino

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.37389/abei.v7i1.184277

Keywords:

Hy Brasil, Uma ilha chamada Brasil, Celtic language

Abstract

What is the origin of the word “Brasil”? Is there any relation between the naming of the South American country Brazil and the Otherworld place of Hy Brasil – an imaginary island, born in the Celtic mind and cherished in the west of Ireland as an earthly paradise? Does the presence of this phantom island in medieval maps, before the discovery of Brazil by the Portuguese in 1500, have any special hidden meaning in the history of cartography? To try to answer some of these questions, embarked on a journey in search of the enchanted island of Hy Brasil, that inspired poets, charmed seamen and tricked cartographers for 500 years. The result of this investigation is the book, Uma ilha chamada Brasil – o paraíso irlandês no passado brasileiro, which gathers many different references scattered throughout space and time about this island. This article is a summary of the book, which was published in October 2004 by Mauad Editora, in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.

Author Biography

  • Geraldo Cantarino

    GERALDO CANTARINO is journalist, writer and translator born in Niterói/RJ, Brazil. He has a degree in Social Communication from Fluminense Federal University and a Masters degree in Television Documentary from Goldsmiths College, University of London. In 1999, he published his first book 1964 – A Revolução para inglês ver, based on British diplomatic documents about the Brazilian military coup. He is currently working as a translator in England, where he has been living for the past six years with his wife, Caitríona Kavanagh, an Irish citizen, and their daughter, Lygia Kavanagh Cantarino

References

A Lost Atlantis or an Early Irish Navigator. Ireland’s Own. Dublin: 12 August 1903.

Barroso, G. Nos bastidores da História do Brasil. São Paulo: Melhoramentos, [19_].

____. O Brasil na lenda e na cartografia antiga. Rio de Janeiro: Companhia Editora Nacional, 1941.

Bueno, E. A viagem do Descobrimento: A Verdadeira História da Expedição de Cabral. Rio de Janeiro: Objetiva, 1998.

Casement, R. Hy-Brazil, Irish Origins of Brazil. Belém do Pará: [1907 or 1908]. Manuscript in The National Library of Ireland. Dublin: n. MS 13,087 (31).

Coghlan, R. Irish Myth and Legend. Belfast: Appletree Guide, 1985.

Corkery, D. I Bhreasail: A Book of Lyrics. London: [?], 1921.

Crawford, S. “A Shadowy Land off Donegal, Waterford and Antrim: the Miracle in Ireland”. Ireland’s Own. Dublin: 9 November 1946.

Cunliffe, B. Facing the Ocean: The Atlantic and its People. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2001.

Elphinstone, Margaret. Hy Brasil: A Novel. Great Britain: Canongate, 2002.

Galwey, I. F. Hybrasil and Other Verses. Dublin: George Herbert. London: Hamilton and Co, Simpkin, Marshall and Co and James Nisbet and Co, 1872.

Gordon, C. H. Before Columbus – Links Between the Old World and Ancient America. London: Turnstone Press, 1971.

Hamilton, W. O’ Brazile, or the Inchanted Island: Being a Perfect Relation of the Late Discovery and Wonderful Dis-Inchantment of an Island on the North of Ireland. London: William Crook, 1675.

Hancock, G. Underworld, Flooded Kingdoms of the Ice Age. London: Penguin Books, 2002.

Head, R. (Attributed.). The Western Wonder or O Brazeel, an Inchanted Island Discovered. London: [?], 1674.

Higginson, T. W. Tales of the Enchanted Islands of the Atlantic. [?]: Norwood Press, 1898.

Joyce, J. Finnegans Wake. London: Penguin Books, 1992. 18 Jul. 2004. <http://www.trentu.ca/jjoyce/fw.htm>.

Joyce, R. D. Ballads, romances and songs. Dublin and London: James Duffy, 1861.

Kendall, H. Hy-Brasil. Poems and Songs. 1880. 18 July 2004: <http://sailor.gutenberg.org/etext97/phknd10.txt>.

Kurlansky, M. Cod: A Biography of the Fish that Changed the World. London: Vintage, 1999.

Lancashire, I., ed. The King’s Cave. The Irish Poems of Alfred Perceval Graves: Countryside Songs, Songs and Ballads. Dublin: Maunsel, 1908. Reproduced from the English Poetry Full-Text Database published by Chadewyck-Healey Ltd.Larminie, W. The Finding of Hy Brasil. Glanlua and Other Poems. London: Kegan Paul, Trench & Co, 1889.

Mac Lysaght, E. More Irish Families. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press and Irish Academic Press, 1982.

MacLeod, F. [William Sharp]. Poems and Dramas. London: William Heinemann, 1910.

MacManus, S., ed. The Four Winds of Eirinn: Poems by Ethna Carbery. Dublin: M. H. and Son, 1906.

Macneice, L. Christopher Columbus. London: Faber & Faber, 1944.

Mitchell, Angus and Geraldo Cantarino. Origins of Brazil. London: Pamphlet producet by the Brazilian Embassy in London, 2000. Moreland, C & Bannister, D. Antique Maps. London: Phaidon Press Limited, 1993.

Muldoon, P. C. Mules. London: Faber and Faber, 1977.

Nansen, F. In Northern Mists – Artic Explorations in Early Times. London: William Heinemann, 1911.

O’Donnel, M. “A Voyage to O’Brazeel: or, the sub-marine island”. The Ulster Miscellany. Dublin: [?], 1753.

O’ Flaherty, R. A Chorographical Description of West or H-Iar Connaught –1684. Dublin: The Irish Archaeological Society, 1846. Reprinted by James Hardiman.

Savery, C. Red Knights from Hy-Brasil. London: [?], 1955.

Sharp, W. Hills of Dream: Mountain Songs and Island Runes. Edinburgh: Patrick Geddes & Colleagues, 1897.

____. The Laughter of Peterkin. London: William Heinemann, 1927.

Severin, T. The Brendan Voyage. London: Abacus, 1996.

The Irish Penny Journal. Dublin: Gunn and Cameron, 1841.

Tremayne, P. My Lady of Hy-Brasil. Hampton Falls: Donald M. Grant Publisher, 1987.

Wales, G. The History and Topography of Ireland. London: Penguin Classics, 1982.

Walsh, T. F. Favourite Poems We Learned in School. Dublin: Mercier Press, 1998.

Westcott, I. M. Seventeenth-Century Tales of the Supernatural. Los Angeles: University of California, 1958.

Yeats, W. B. Fairy and Folk Tales of the Irish Peasantry. New York: Dover Publications, 1991.

Downloads

Published

30-06-2005

Issue

Section

Cultural Intersections

How to Cite

Cantarino, G. (2005). An Island Called Brazil: Irish Paradise in Brazilian Past. ABEI Journal, 7(1), 193-209. https://doi.org/10.37389/abei.v7i1.184277