A reconfiguração das Cadeias Globais de Valor (global value chains) pós-pandemia

Abstract

The international fragmentation of production systems, which shapes the Global Value Chains, is orchestrated by multinational enterprises with the support of digital technologies. In the last decade, risks and vulnerabilities arising from unforeseen events challenged the GVCs’ basic assumptions and jeopardized both their expansion and performance. For that reason, the GVCs’ operational patterns were already being revised and modified to increase resilience. Notwithstanding, the Covid-19 pandemic had a tremendous impact. With the disruption of the GVCs, both governments and enterprises, whether multinational or local, reacted to mitigate the emergencies that arose. This disruption, as well as the reactions, will have consequences in the reconfiguration of the GVCs in the future. In this article, we seek to answer the following questions: How did the GVCs evolve in the pre-pandemic period? How are governments and enterprises reacting? Which will be the determinants for change? We will then outline scenarios for both the GVCs’ reconfiguration and the dynamics of the new international production systems. Brazil has a specific role in those systems, which is highlighted in the analysis.