Efectos del entrenamiento muscular del suelo pélvico versus la gimnasia abdominal hipopresiva (GAH) sobre la incontinencia urinaria de esfuerzo en mujeres climatéricas: ensayo clínico aleatorizado
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1590/1809-2950/e23000824ptPalabras clave:
Salud de la Mujer, Sexualidad, Suelo Pélvico, Incontinencia UrinariaResumen
El entrenamiento muscular del suelo pélvico (EMSP)
se recomienda como tratamiento de primera línea para las pruebas
de nivel 1 de incontinencia urinaria de esfuerzo (IUE). Actualmente,
se utiliza la gimnasia abdominal hipopresiva (GAH) en la práctica
clínica con este fin. Este estudio tuvo por objetivo comprobar la
superioridad de un tratamiento experimental en comparación
con el tratamiento de referencia para la IUE y la función del suelo
pélvico en mujeres menopáusicas. Se realizó un ensayo clínico
aleatorizado de no inferioridad con 31 mujeres climatéricas
sexualmente activas y con IUE. Las participantes se distribuyeron en
dos grupos: 16 se sometieron a EMSP y 15 a GAH. Ambos recibieron
26 sesiones, dos veces por semana, en sesiones individuales. Todas
las voluntarias fueron evaluadas en dos momentos, al principio y al
final de las intervenciones. El resultado primario se evaluó mediante
el cuestionario ICIQ-SF, y el resultado secundario mediante la
evaluación bidigital del suelo pélvico. Para el análisis estadístico se
utilizó la prueba ANOVA de dos vías, seguida de la prueba posterior
de Tukey cuando necesario. El EMSP tuvo un mejor resultado en la
mejora de la IUE (p=0,01). No hubo diferencias entre los grupos en
cuanto a la fuerza de contracción, el tiempo de mantenimiento y las
repeticiones rápidas y lentas. En cuanto a la mejora de los síntomas
de IUE, se concluyó que el EMSP es superior a la GAH
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Derechos de autor 2024 Dayane Aparecida Moisés Caetano Bottini, Diego Vargas da Silva, Rui Malta da Silva Filho, Adelia Lúcio, Fabio Saiki, Ana Beatriz Gomes de Souza Pegorare
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