¿La fuerza muscular, la funcionalidad y los factores de comportamiento tienen la misma asociación con el historial de caídas?
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1590/Palabras clave:
Accidentes por Caídas, Persona Mayor, Rendimiento Físico FuncionalResumen
Este estudio tuvo el objetivo de investigar la asociación
de factores biológicos (fuerza muscular y movilidad funcional) y de
comportamiento (nivel de actividad física y miedo a caer) con el
historial de caídas de personas mayores de una comunidad. Se realizó
un estudio transversal con 173 personas mayores. Se evaluaron la
fuerza de agarre manual y la movilidad funcional mediante el timed
up and go (TUG) y la prueba de velocidad de marcha. Se evaluaron
los factores de comportamiento mediante la puntuación de actividad
física (Minnesota Leisure Time Activities Questionnaire) y el miedo a
caer (Falls Efficacy Scale-International). Se evaluó el historial de caídas
a través del autorrelato de caídas que ocurrieron en los últimos seis
meses. Se analizaron los datos mediante la prueba de correlación
punto-biserial (rb
) y mediante un análisis de regresión binomial. Los
factores biológicos, la fuerza de agarre manual (rb
=−0.282, p<0.001),
la prueba de velocidad de marcha (rb
=−0.082, p=0.151) y el TUG
(rb
=0.167, p=0.018), además de los factores de comportamiento,
el miedo a caer (rb
=0.098, p=0.162) y la actividad física (rb
=−0.149,
p=0.039), se incluyeron en el modelo de regresión. Solamente los
factores biológicos de fuerza de agarre palmar (p<0.001; OR: 0.891;
IC 95%: 0.885-0.898) y movilidad funcional a través del TUG (p<0.001;
OR: 1.031; IC 95%: 1.018-1.043) explicaron el historial de caídas. Valores
más bajos de fuerza muscular y un peor rendimiento en el TUG se
asociaron al historial de caídas
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Derechos de autor 2024 Jéssica Rodrigues de Almeida, Paula Maria Machado Arantes, Giane Amorim Ribeiro-Samora, Adriana Netto Parentoni, Leani Sousa Máximo Pereira, Juliana Melo Ocarino
Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución-CompartirIgual 4.0.
