Aspects in perceptual-motor development and sensory-motor intelligence in Down syndrome

Authors

  • Lívia Maria Marques Bonomo Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo
  • Claudia Broetto Rossetti Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.7322/jhgd.19980

Keywords:

Down syndrome, child development, psychomotor performance, intelligence

Abstract

The current literature states that the development in Down Syndrome occurs with delay when compared with that of children with typical neuropsychomotor development. But, studies have shown that stimulation is important in the process of development of this specific population by providing more opportunities for experience, possibly minimizing the large deficits associated with it. The present research aims to evaluate the perceptual, motor and cognitive development of children with Down Syndrome, investigating the possible interdependence between the motricity and the intelligence structuring. This research involved 10 children with Down Syndrome aged between one and five years. For data collection a structured observation of motor behavior to describe the patterns of locomotion, manipulation, stability, and perception was used, besides the adapted piagetian Clinical Method for observation and description of the construction of the concepts of permanent object, physical causality, space and time concerning the sensory-motor stage of cognitive development. The items related to both evaluations were categorized in a qualitative way from pre-established criteria. The data were processed using an exploratory and descriptive statistical analysis. It was observed that the major motor deficits and higher cognitive gaps were presented by the younger children in the sample. In the same way, the greatest interdependence in the relation among the different evaluated items occurred in these same children. It is believed that, with the passing of years, the development process of these children tends to get closer to what is typically expected, confirming the importance of long-term stimulation for children with Down Syndrome.

References

Santos S, Dantas L, Oliveira JA. Desenvolvimento motor de crianças, de idosos e de pessoas com transtornos da coordenação. Rev Paul Educ Fís. 2004; 18:33-44.(esp.).

Flehmig I. Texto e Atlas do desenvolvimento normal e seus desvios no lactente: diagnóstico e tratamento precoce do nascimento até o 18º mês. São Paulo: Atheneu, 2000.

Denucci SM, Catanho EG. Desenvolvimento motor. In: Braga LW, Paz Júnior AC. Método SARAH: reabilitação baseada na família e no contexto da criança com lesão cerebral. São Paulo: Santos Editora, 2008. p. 17-52.

Papalia DE, Olds SW. Desenvolvimento humano. Porto Alegre: Artmed, 2000.

Gallahue DL, Ozmun JC. Compreendendo o desenvolvimento motor: bebês, crianças, adolescentes e adultos. São Paulo: Phorte, 2005.

Piaget J. Seis estudos de Psicologia. Rio de Janeiro: Forense Universitária, 1993.

Macedo L. Piaget e a nossa inteligência. Pátio: Revista Pedagógica, 1997; 1(1):10-3.

Gusman S, Torre CA. Fisioterapia na Síndrome de Down. In: Schwartzman JS et al. Síndrome de Down. São Paulo: Mennon, 1999. p. 167-205.

Zausmer E. Estimulação precoce do desenvolvimento. In: Pueschel SM (Orgs.). Síndrome de Down: guia para pais e educadores. Campinas: Papirus, 2007. p. 115-26.

Sarro KJ, Salina ME. Estudo de alguns fatores que influenciam no desenvolvimento das aquisições motoras de crianças portadoras de Síndrome de Down em tratamento fisioterápico. Fisioter Mov.1999;8(1):93-106.

Palisano RJ, Walter SD, Russell DJ, Rosenbaum PL, Gémus M, Galuppi BE et al. Gross motor function of children with Down Syndrome: creation of motor growth curves. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2001;82(4):494-500.

Delval J. Introdução à Prática do Método Clínico: descobrindo o pensamento das crianças. Porto Alegre: Artmed, 2002.

Piaget J. A construção do real na criança. São Paulo: Ática, 2006.

Piaget J. O nascimento da inteligência na criança. Rio de Janeiro: LTC Editora, 2008.

Carraher TN. O Método Clínico: usando os exames de Piaget. São Paulo: Cortez Editora, 1989.

Uzgiris IC, Hunt JMC. Assessment in infancy: Ordinal scales of psychological development. Urbana, USA: University of Illinois Press, 1978.

Pueschel SM. Características físicas da criança. In: Pueschel SM (Orgs.). Síndrome de Down: guia para pais e educadores. Campinas: Papirus, 2007. p. 77-83.

Silva NLP, Dessen MA. Síndrome de Down: etiologia, caracterização e impacto na família. Interação em Psicologia.2002;6(2):167-76.

Acredolo L. Individual diferences in infant spatial displacement. In: Colombo J, Fagen J (Eds.). Individual differences in infancy: Reliability, stability, prediction. Hillsdale: Erlbaum, 1990. p. 321-40.

Bell MA, Fox NA. Individual differences in object permanence performance at 8months: locomotor experience and brain electrical activity. Dev Psychobiol.1997;31(4):287-97.

Kermoian R, Campos JJ. Locomoto experience: a facilitator of spatial cognitive development. Child Dev.1988;59(4):908-17.

Alton S. Fine Motor Skills in children with Down Syndrome: Information Sheet. Northern Ireland: Down Syndrome Association, 2005.

Ramalho CMJ, Pedromônico MR, Perissinoto J. Síndrome de Down: avaliação do desempenho motor, coordenação e linguagem (entre dois e cinco anos). Tem Desenvol. 2000;9(52):11-4.

Neto FR. Manual de avaliação motora. Porto Alegre: Artmed, 2002.

Campos D, Santos DCC. Controle postural e motricidade apendicular nos primeiros anos de vida. Fisioter Mov. 2005;18(3):71-7.

Rochat P. Object manipulation and exploration in 2 to 5 month-old infants. Dev Psychol. 1989;25(6):871-84.

Thelen E, Corbetta D, Spencer JP. Development of reaching during the first year: role of movement speed. J Exp Psychol Hum Percept Perform.1996;22(5):1059-76.

Samsom JF, Groot L. The influence of postural control on motility and hand function in a group of high risk preterm infants at 1 year of age. Early Hum Dev.2000;60(2):101-13.

Deliberato D, Gonçalves VMG. Aspectos do desenvolvimento da percepção visual. Tem Desenvol. 2003;12(67):5-10.

Piaget J, Inhelder B. A psicologia da criança. Rio de Janeiro: Difel, 2003.

Schwartzman JS. Alterações clínicas. In: Schwartzman JS. Síndrome de Down. São Paulo: Mennon, 1999. p.82-127.

John FM, Bromham NR, Woodhouse JM, Candy TR. Spatial vision deficits in infants and children with Down Syndrome. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2004;45(5):1566-72.

Ministério da Educação. Saberes e práticas da inclusão: dificuldades de comunicação e sinalização – deficiência visual. Brasília: MEC/Secretaria de Educação Especial, 2006.

Virji-Babul N, Kerns K, Zhou E, Kapur S, Shiffrar M. Perceptual-motor deficits in children with Down syndrome: implications for intervention. Downs Syndr Res Pract. 2006;10(2):74-82.

Downloads

Published

2010-12-01

Issue

Vol. 20 No. 3 (2010)

Section

Original Research

License

CODE OF CONDUCT FOR JOURNAL  PUBLISHERS

 

Publishers who are Committee on Publication Ethics members and who support COPE membership for journal editors should:

 

Publishers should:

 

  • Define the relationship between publisher, editor and other parties in a contract
  • Respect privacy (for example, for research participants, for authors, for peer reviewers)
  • Protect intellectual property and copyright
  • Foster editorial independence

 

Publishers should work with journal editors to:

 

  • Set journal policies appropriately and aim to meet those policies, particularly with respect to:

–         Editorial  independence

–         Research ethics, including confidentiality, consent, and the special requirements for human and animal research

–         Authorship

–         Transparency and integrity (for example, conflicts of interest, research funding, reporting standards

–         Peer review and the role of the editorial team beyond that of the journal editor

–         Appeals and complaints

  • Communicate journal policies (for example, to authors, readers, peer reviewers)
  • Review journal policies periodically, particularly with respect to new recommendations from the COPE
  • Code of Conduct for Editors and the COPE Best Practice Guidelines
  • Maintain the integrity of the academic record
  • Assist the parties (for example, institutions, grant funders, governing bodies) responsible for the investigation of suspected research and publication misconduct and, where possible, facilitate in the resolution of these cases
  • Publish corrections, clarifications, and retractions
  • Publish content on a timely basis