Potenciais eventos adversos a medicamentos: coorte em unidades de terapia intensiva
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.11606/issn.2176-7262.rmrp.2022.197132Palavras-chave:
Unidades de terapia intensiva, Monitoramento de medicamentos, Farmacovigilância, Segurança do paciente, EnfermagemResumo
Introdução: Eventos adversos a medicamentos estão associados à morbimortalidade, altas taxas de permanência hospitalar e custos elevados. Pacientes de unidade de terapia intensiva são um dos principais grupos de risco para ocorrência desses eventos. O uso de rastreadores, indicadores de potenciais eventos, pode simplificar a detecção por meio do screening sistemático de prontuários e possibilitar mensuração contínua. Objetivo: Analisar potenciais eventos adversos e correlacionar seus rastreadores com tempo de internação, número de medicamentos e comorbidades em pacientes internados em unidade de terapia intensiva adulto. Métodos: Estudo longitudinal conduzido com pacientes internados em terapia intensiva de um hospital de alta complexidade de São Paulo, Brasil. Amostra probabilística composta por 83 prontuários de pacientes, hospitalizados, por no mínimo 24 horas, para tratamento clínico e que receberam, pelo menos, um medicamento. Na identificação dos eventos foi utilizado o instrumento do Institute for Healthcare Improvement adaptado, que inclui rastreadores, medicamentos, bioquímicos e clínicos. As análises estatísticas foram realizadas pela Correlação de Pearson, com significância de p < 0,05. Resultados: Anti-histamínicos (43,4%), aumento de creatinina (50,6%) e letargia (20,5%) foram os rastreadores mais frequentes de cada categoria. Os medicamentos mais utilizados foram ácido acetilsalicílico (67%) e omeprazol (55%). Houve correlação positiva entre o número total de rastreadores e tempo de internação, número de medicamentos e comorbidades (r= 0,961, r=0,555 e r=0,210 respectivamente; p< 0,001). Conclusão: Os rastreadores destacados são esperados para pacientes com cardiopatias em unidades de terapia intensiva e sugerem alerta para os profissionais envolvidos no monitoramento de eventos adversos.
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Copyright (c) 2022 Vanessa Rossato Gomes, Danilo Donizetti Trevisan, Silvia regina Secoli
Este trabalho está licenciado sob uma licença Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
