O uso da terapia laser no tratamento da dor crônica difusa: uma revisão sistemática
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.11606/issn.2317-0190.v28i3a183314Palavras-chave:
Terapia a Laser, Fototerapia, Dor Crônica, ReabilitaçãoResumo
As terapias a laser são técnicas não invasivas, indolores, seguras e de baixo custo e de utilidade no tratamento da dor crônica. Nenhuma revisão sistemática avaliou os efeitos do laser no tratamento da dor crônica em múltiplos locais simultâneos. Objetivo: Avaliar os efeitos do laser no tratamento da dor crônica multifocal generalizada. Métodos: Revisão sistemática PRISMA sobre o uso do laser em pacientes com dor crônica multifocal de diversas etiologias. Este protocolo foi registrado no site PROSPERO antes da extração dos dados (registro nº. CRD42019152345). Resultados: 1.391 artigos atenderam aos critérios de inclusão e 15 estudos foram selecionados para a extração de dados, sendo 12 estudos em pacientes com fibromialgia, 01 estudo sobre síndrome dolorosa miofascial, 01 estudo sobre artrite reumatoide e 01 estudo sobre polineuropatia sensório-motora diabética. Não foi encontrada homogeneidade nos protocolos do laser, nos métodos de avaliação ou nos grupos controlados, mas em conjunto os estudos sugeriram que o laser poderia ter benefícios no tratamento da intensidade da dor, qualidade de vida, fadiga, rigidez, depressão e ansiedade em comparação com placebo e outras terapias para fibromialgia e para dor na artrite reumatóide e polineuropatia diabética. A terapia a laser mais o exercício padronizado ou amitriptilina não proporcionou nenhuma vantagem extra no alívio dos sintomas da fibromialgia. Para dor miofascial DTM, nenhum benefício foi encontrado. Conclusão: Os estudos mostraram vários pontos e locais diferentes de aplicação de luz, mas nenhum dos estudos selecionados usou a estimulação espinhal como local de aplicação do laser.
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