Neuromuscular function of braquial biceps in isometric contraction after termotherapy
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5935/0104-7795.20170035Keywords:
Electromyography, Ultrasonic Therapy, Cryotherapy, Muscle StrengthAbstract
The change in temperature of a biological tissue can promote physiological effects that lead to circulatory and nerve changes, such as vasodilation and increased flexibility. Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate, through a noninvasive neuromuscular assessment, how thermotherapy influences the muscular strength and the myoelectric signals of the biceps brachial in isometric contraction. Methods: Seventeen volunteers were instructed to perform isometric contraction of the brachial biceps muscle concomitantly with surface electromyography. Electromyographic and force evaluation were performed before and after the intervention with thermotherapeutic resources that consisted of ice therapy for 15 minutes and continuous ultrasound (1MHz, 0.8W/cm2) for 7 minutes. Results: Women have less strength and fewer motor units. However, the frequency of electric inputs of the effector pathways is higher, which indicates a greater propensity to fatigue. After the application of heat, no differences were observed in the neuromuscular response of the contracting brachial biceps. The cryotherapy, however, promoted a significant reduction in the strength and number of motor units activated during the contraction. Conclusion: The cooling of muscle tissue promotes a decrease of muscle fibers activities, since there is a reduction in the velocity of nerve impulse conduction and the reflex of the myotatic arch. In addition, cryotherapy also decreases the sensitivity of the Golgi tendon organs, increases blood viscosity, and causes vasoconstriction. All these factors are combined to culminate in the decrease of neuromuscular activation and, consequently, in the reduction of muscle strength.
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