Training methods aerobic and/or resisted for people with lower amputation: a systematic review
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.11606/issn.2317-0190.v28i3a188838Keywords:
Amputees, Lower Extremity, Exercise, RehabilitationAbstract
Individuals with lower limb amputations have complications that can cause decreased strength, mobility and balance, which affect walking ability, physical fitness and functionality. Thus, adequate training can reduce imbalances and asymmetries, helping to improve the function and quality of life of these individuals. Objective: Identify which training methods are most used in this population. Methods: This review followed the PRISMA recommendations. The methodological evaluation of the studies was carried out using the PEDro scale. Results: Seven studies were included in the review, four addressed resistance training, two combined training and one aerobic training. The training interventions consisted of strengthening exercises, stretching, balance and coordination, cardiorespiratory fitness and walking. All training was able to improve, especially in mobility and balance. Conclusion: Resistance training is the most used, however, the more dynamic the training, the better the results and the better the adherence. The training should contain resistance exercises for lower limbs, as well as components for the restoration of balance, mobility and cardiorespiratory fitness.
Downloads
References
Barbosa LBA, Guerra CL, Resende JL, Andrade MBT. Sentimentos e expectativas do ser-amputado: um olhar fenomenológico. Rev Univ Val Rio Verde. 2016;14(2):62-72.
Madsen UR, Bååth C, Berthelsen CB, Hommel A. A prospective study of short-term functional outcome after dysvascular major lower limb amputation. Int J Orthop Trauma Nurs. 2018;28:22-9. Doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijotn.2017.08.001
Schafer ZA, Perry JL, Vanicek N. A personalised exercise programme for individuals with lower limb amputation reduces falls and improves gait biomechanics: A block randomised controlled trial. Gait Posture. 2018;63:282-9. Doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gaitpost.2018.04.030
Vieira RI, Luz SCT, Santos KPB, Gonçalvez Junior R, Campos PVC. Physiotherapy intervention during pre and post-prosthetic fitting of lower limb amputees: a systematic review. Acta Fisiatr. 2017;24(2):98-104. Doi: https://doi.org/10.5935/0104-7795.20170019
Tsoulou V, Karamolegou E, Kourakos M, Vasilopoulos G, Polikandrioti M. Association of State and Trait Anxiety Between Patients Who Had Undergone Traumatic Amputation and Their Family Caregivers. Int J Low Extrem Wounds. 2019;18(2):176-185. Doi: https://doi.org/10.1177/1534734619848580
Bhuvaneswar CG, Epstein LA, Stern TA. Reactions to amputation: recognition and treatment. Prim Care Companion J Clin Psychiatry. 2007;9(4):303-8. Doi: https://doi.org/10.4088/pcc.v09n0408
Gailey R, Gaunaurd I, Raya M, Kirk-Sanchez N, Prieto-Sanchez LM, Roach K. Effectiveness of an evidence-based amputee rehabilitation program: a pilot randomized controlled trial. Phys Ther. 2020;100(5):773-87. Doi: https://doi.org/10.1093/ptj/pzaa008
Darter BJ, Nielsen DH, Yack HJ, Janz KF. Home-based treadmill training to improve gait performance in persons with a chronic transfemoral amputation. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2013;94(12):2440-7. Doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apmr.2013.08.001
Hoshino J, Ubara Y, Ohara K, Ohta E, Suwabe T, Higa Y, et al. Changes in the activities of daily living (ADL) in relation to the level of amputation of patients undergoing lower extremity amputation for arteriosclerosis obliterans (ASO). Circ J. 2008;72(9):1495-8. Doi: https://doi.org/10.1253/circj.cj-07-1068
Jorge RT, Souza MC, Jones A, Lombardi Júnior I, Jennings F, Natour J. Treinamento resistido progressivo nas doenças musculoesqueléticas crônicas. Rev Bras Reumatol. 2009;49(6):726-34. Doi: https://doi.org/10.1590/S0482-50042009000600009
Fortington LV, Dijkstra PU, Bosmans JC, Post WJ, Geertzen JH. Change in health-related quality of life in the first 18 months after lower limb amputation: a prospective, longitudinal study. J Rehabil Med. 2013;45(6):587-94. Doi: https://doi.org/10.2340/16501977-1146
Baraúna MA, Duarte F, Sanchez HMST, Malusá S, Campelo-Silva CD, Ventura-Silva RA. Avaliação do equilíbrio estático em indivíduos amputados de membros inferiores através da biofotogrametria computadorizada. Rev Bras Fisioter. 2006;10(1):83-90. Doi: https://doi.org/10.1590/S1413-35552006000100011
Genin JJ, Bastien GJ, Franck B, Detrembleur C, Willems PA. Effect of speed on the energy cost of walking in unilateral traumatic lower limb amputees. Eur J Appl Physiol. 2008;103(6):655-63. Doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00421-008-0764-0
Chin T, Sawamura S, Fujita H, Nakajima S, Oyabu H, Nagakura Y, Ojima I, Otsuka H, Nakagawa A. Physical fitness of lower limb amputees. Am J Phys Med Rehabil. 2002;81(5):321-5. Doi: https://doi.org/10.1097/00002060-200205000-00001
Wentink EC, Prinsen EC, Rietman JS, Veltink PH. Comparison of muscle activity patterns of transfemoral amputees and control subjects during walking. J Neuroeng Rehabil. 2013;10:87. Doi: https://doi.org/10.1186/1743-0003-10-87
Wong CK, Ehrlich JE, Ersing JC, Maroldi NJ, Stevenson CE, Varca MJ. Exercise programs to improve gait performance in people with lower limb amputation: A systematic review. Prosthet Orthot Int. 2016;40(1):8-17. Doi: https://doi.org/10.1177/0309364614546926
Dias JS, Souza AP, Moreira AIC, Barbosa D, Ferreira MB, Foresti BB. Treinamento proprioceptivo e influência no equilíbrio estático e dinâmico na amputação transfemoral: descrição de caso clínico. Rev Eletrônica Acervo Saúde. 2019;11(1):e110. Doi: https://doi.org/10.25248/reas.e110.2019
Bragaru M, Dekker R, Geertzen JH, Dijkstra PU. Amputees and sports: a systematic review. Sports Med. 2011;41(9):721-40. Doi: https://doi.org/10.2165/11590420-000000000-00000
Glaister BC, Bernatz GC, Klute GK, Orendurff MS. Video task analysis of turning during activities of daily living. Gait Posture. 2007;25(2):289-94. Doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gaitpost.2006.04.003
Moher D, Liberati A, Tetzlaff J, Altman DG; PRISMA Group. Preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses: the PRISMA statement. PLoS Med. 2009;6(7):e1000097. Doi: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1000097
Silva FC, Hernandez SS, Gonçalves E, Arancibia BA, Silva Castro TL, Silva R. Anthropometric indicators of obesity in policemen: a systematic review of observational studies. Int J Occup Med Environ Health. 2014;27(6):891-901. Doi: https://doi.org/10.2478/s13382-014-0318-0
Ouzzani M, Hammady H, Fedorowicz Z, Elmagarmid A. Rayyan-a web and mobile app for systematic reviews. Syst Rev. 2016;5(1):210. Doi: https://doi.org/10.1186/s13643-016-0384-4
Verhagen AP, de Vet HC, de Bie RA, Kessels AG, Boers M, Bouter LM, et al.The Delphi list: a criteria list for quality assessment of randomized clinical trials for conducting systematic reviews developed by Delphi consensus. J Clin Epidemiol. 1998;51(12):1235-41. Doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/s0895-4356(98)00131-0
Beardsley C, Škarabot J. Effects of self-myofascial release: A systematic review. J Bodyw Mov Ther. 2015;19(4):747-58. Doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbmt.2015.08.007
Rau B, Bonvin F, de Bie R. Short-term effect of physiotherapy rehabilitation on functional performance of lower limb amputees. Prosthet Orthot Int. 2007;31(3):258-70. doi: https://doi.org/10.1080/03093640600994615
Pauley T, Devlin M, Madan-Sharma P. A single-blind, cross-over trial of hip abductor strength training to improve Timed Up & Go performance in patients with unilateral, transfemoral amputation. J Rehabil Med. 2014;46(3):264-70. Doi: https://doi.org/10.2340/16501977-1270
Godlwana L, Stewart A, Musenge E. The effect of a home exercise intervention on persons with lower limb amputations: a randomized controlled trial. Clin Rehabil. 2020;34(1):99-110. Doi: https://doi.org/10.1177/0269215519880295
Corio F, Troiano R, Magel JR. The effects of spinal stabilization exercises on the spatial and temporal parameters of gait in individuals with lower limb loss. J Prosthetics Orthot. 2010;22(4):230-6. Doi: https://doi.org/10.1097/JPO.0b013e3181f2f905
Nolan L. A training programme to improve hip strength in persons with lower limb amputation. J Rehabil Med. 2012;44(3):241-8. Doi: https://doi.org/10.2340/16501977-0921
Wilson JM, Marin PJ, Rhea MR, Wilson SM, Loenneke JP, Anderson JC. Concurrent training: a meta-analysis examining interference of aerobic and resistance exercises. J Strength Cond Res. 2012;26(8):2293-307. Doi: https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0b013e31823a3e2d
Cadore EL, Izquierdo M, Pinto SS, Alberton CL, Pinto RS, Baroni BM, et al. Neuromuscular adaptations to concurrent training in the elderly: effects of intrasession exercise sequence. Age (Dordr). 2013;35(3):891-903. Doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11357-012-9405-y
Silva FCD, Iop RDR, Andrade A, Costa VP, Gutierres Filho PJB, Silva RD. Effects of physical exercise on the expression of micrornas: a systematic review. J Strength Cond Res. 2020;34(1):270-280. Doi: https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0000000000003103
Büla CJ, Monod S, Hoskovec C, Rochat S. Interventions aiming at balance confidence improvement in older adults: an updated review. Gerontology. 2011;57(3):276-86. Doi: https://doi.org/10.1159/000322241
Bouaziz W, Lang PO, Schmitt E, Kaltenbach G, Geny B, Vogel T. Health benefits of multicomponent training programmes in seniors: a systematic review. Int J Clin Pract. 2016;70(7):520-36. Doi: https://doi.org/10.1111/ijcp.12822
Kravitz L, Vella CA. Energy expenditure in different modes of exercise. ACSM Current Comments. 2002.
Guedes JM, Bortoluzzi MG, Matte LP, Andrade CM, Zulpo NC, Sebben V, et al. Efeitos do treinamento combinado sobre a força, resistência e potência aeróbica em idosas. Rev Bras Med Esporte. 2016;22(6):480-4. Doi: https://doi.org/10.1590/1517-869220162206124834
Kurdibaylo SF. Cardiorespiratory status and movement capabilities in adults with limb amputation. J Rehabil Res Dev. 1994;31(3):222-35.
Vidal ALA, Santos CC, Nishimaru S, Chamlian TR, Masiero D. Avaliação da qualidade de vida em pacientes amputados de membros inferiores. Med Reabil. 2004;23(1):12-7.
Gaspar AP, Ingham SJM, Chamlian TR. Gasto energético em paciente amputado transtibial com prótese e muletas. Acta Fisiatr. 2003;10(1):32-4.
Nadollek H, Brauer S, Isles R. Outcomes after trans-tibial amputation: the relationship between quiet stance ability, strength of hip abductor muscles and gait. Physiother Res Int. 2002;7(4):203-14. Doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/pri.260
Carvalho JA. Amputações de membros inferiores: em busca da plena reabilitação. 2 ed. Barueri: Manole; 2003.
Vallery H, Burgkart R, Hartmann C, Mitternacht J, Riener R, Buss M. Complementary limb motion estimation for the control of active knee prostheses. Biomed Tech (Berl). 2011;56(1):45-51. Doi: https://doi.org/10.1515/BMT.2010.057
Akuthota V, Ferreiro A, Moore T, Fredericson M. Core stability exercise principles. Curr Sports Med Rep. 2008;7(1):39-44. Doi: https://doi.org/10.1097/01.CSMR.0000308663.13278.69
Granata KP, Marras WS. Cost-benefit of muscle cocontraction in protecting against spinal instability. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 2000;25(11):1398-404. Doi: https://doi.org/10.1097/00007632-200006010-00012
Miller WC, Speechley M, Deathe AB. Balance confidence among people with lower-limb amputations. Phys Ther. 2002;82(9):856-65.
Moxey PW, Hofman D, Hinchliffe RJ, Poloniecki J, Loftus IM, Thompson MM, Holt PJ. Delay influences outcome after lower limb major amputation. Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg. 2012;44(5):485-90. Doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejvs.2012.08.003
Soares AS, Yamaguti EY, Mochizuki L, Amadio AC, Serrão JC. Biomechanical parameters of gait among transtibial amputees: a review. Sao Paulo Med J. 2009;127(5):302-9. Doi: https://doi.org/10.1590/s1516-31802009000500010
Isakov E, Keren O, Benjuya N. Trans-tibial amputee gait: time-distance parameters and EMG activity. Prosthet Orthot Int. 2000;24(3):216-20. Doi: https://doi.org/10.1080/03093640008726550
Chin T, Sawamura S, Fujita H, Nakajima S, Ojima I, Oyabu H, et al.Effect of endurance training program based on anaerobic threshold (AT) for lower limb amputees. J Rehabil Res Dev. 2001;38(1):7-11.
van Velzen JM, van Bennekom CA, Polomski W, Slootman JR, van der Woude LH, Houdijk H. Physical capacity and walking ability after lower limb amputation: a systematic review. Clin Rehabil. 2006;20(11):999-1016. Doi: https://doi.org/10.1177/0269215506070700
Hausdorff JM. Gait variability: methods, modeling and meaning. J Neuroeng Rehabil. 2005;2:19. doi: https://doi.org/10.1186/1743-0003-2-19
Santos LHG, Faria ACS, Mendes MS, Barbosa D, Souza RA. Análise postural comparativa dos períodos de pré e pós protetização no paciente amputado transfemoral - relato de caso. Col Pesqui Educ Física. 2009;8(4):31-6.
van den Hecke A, Malghem C, Renders A, Detrembleur C, Palumbo S, Lejeune TM. Mechanical work, energetic cost, and gait efficiency in children with cerebral palsy. J Pediatr Orthop. 2007;27(6):643-7. Doi: https://doi.org/10.1097/BPO.0b013e318093f4c3
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2021 Acta Fisiátrica
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
