Desafios da usabilidade e do acesso a ferramenta digital em programa de telerreabilitação para sobreviventes da COVID-19 em um país em desenvolvimento
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.11606/issn.2317-0190.v31i4a225410Palavras-chave:
Infecções por Coronavírus, Telerreabilitação, Terapia por Exercício, Qualidade de Vida, Países em DesenvolvimentoResumo
Objetivo: O surto de COVID-19 trouxe muitos desafios na saúde, incluindo o setor de reabilitação. Para atender o grande número de pacientes com deficiências funcionais, a telerreabilitação pode ser uma estratégia viável. Este ensaio clínico prospectivo tem como objetivo apresentar uma experiência prática de um programa de telerreabilitação física de 3 meses, para pacientes pós-COVID-19 de um sistema público de saúde. Método: A amostra foi recrutada a partir de uma lista de 407 pacientes, selecionados até oito semanas após a alta hospitalar. Desfecho primário: teste de marcha estacionária de dois minutos (TME2min), tempo para cinco repetições no teste sentar-levantar, EuroQol (EQ5D). Este programa virtual consistia em vídeos customizados de exercícios respiratórios e funcionais, realizados 3 vezes por semana. Resultados: Dos 407 pacientes, apenas 19 foram recrutados e 14 completaram o programa. As principais perdas amostrais ocorreram por falta de contato telefônico, restrições tecnológicas e de internet e necessidades de retorno presencial ao trabalho. A média de idade dos participantes foi de 56 ± 16,8, sendo 57,9% homens; 12 (63,2%) perderam peso durante a internação. Os pacientes aumentaram o TME2min (p= 0,004), redução nas cinco repetições no teste de sentar-levantar (p= 0,002) e no escore do estado de saúde (p= 0,007). Conclusões: A telerreabilitação é uma opção promissora para o tratamento de pacientes com deficiência funcional pós-alta COVID-19. No entanto, as barreiras socioeconômicas devem ser levadas em consideração durante o desenvolvimento de programas remotos de reabilitação, a fim de garantir o acesso da população, especialmente nos países desiguais.
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