Assistant technologies for perception and space orientation of visual disabled people
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.11606/gtp.v15i2.161697Keywords:
Semantic Enrichment of BIM (SEBIM), Patterns, Visual Programming Language (VPL), Architectural Design, Social housingAbstract
It is estimated that 1.3 billion people worldwide live with some form of visual impairment, which directly interferes with the spatial perception of the environment. This impacts on the spatial orientation and autonomy of the individual, conditioning the forms of displacement. Given the number of visually impaired people and the lack of implementation of assistive technologies (AT) in a mass form, it can be stated that there are a considerable number of individuals with difficulties in spatial orientation, and consequent impairment of locomotion in the course. due to obstacles imposed by society. in this context, the objective of this study was to analyze the existing tools, the so-called assistive technologies, which aid in spatial orientation, as well as in identifying obstacles and guiding the desired path, both indoors and outside the buildings. the methodology followed the guidelines of the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyzes (PRISMA) using keywords in accordance with the boolean descriptor “AND”, such as: blind; wayfinding; accessibility; visual impairment and assistive technology. initially, 1938 articles were found, but with the application of filters, 34 articles remained for complete reading. After the complete reading, 20 articles were included for detailed analysis. It has been found that there are four types of at continually being investigated and improved: applications, touch map, touch floor and tactile belt. of these, 75% of technologies focus on spatially oriented applications, responding to spatial orientation and / or considerably reducing the plotted path, and hence the estimated time. Finally, it was possible to infer that the applications are the most commonly used at today, however, the absence of a technology that works simultaneously in internal and external environments is a fact that still causes limitations to the autonomy in the displacement of people with disabilities (PcD) visual.
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