Constitucionalismo transformador e o direito à saúde na América Latina
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.11606/issn.2316-9044.rdisan.2024.202983Palavras-chave:
América Latina, Constitucionalismo Transformador, Direito à Saúde, TribunaisResumo
O objetivo mais importante do constitucionalismo transformador é mudar a sociedade por meio da promoção da democracia, proteção dos direitos humanos e busca da eliminação da pobreza e redução da desigualdade. Nessa perspectiva, os tribunais sempre garantiram essa transformação por meio do ativismo judicial. Nesse sentido, as cortes latino-americanas estão promovendo a expansão de seu envolvimento no setor da saúde em particular. O objetivo deste artigo foi analisar as consequências do constitucionalismo transformador no setor da saúde no Brasil, Argentina, México e Colômbia. A metodologia aplicada foi descritiva. Foram realizadas revisão comparativa, qualitativa e bibliográfica e 37 entrevistas semiestruturadas com juízes, acadêmicos e servidores públicos. Apesar dos avanços, a transformação alcançada pela intervenção dos tribunais para a proteção do direito à saúde não passa de moderada. O constitucionalismo transformador está gerando mudanças internas e externas no setor de saúde da América Latina, incluindo alterações diretas materiais, simbólicas e indiretas. No entanto, ainda há preocupações sobre as consequências negativas do constitucionalismo transformador e, portanto, suas promessas permanecem muito distantes. Em conclusão, as cortes devem prestar mais atenção às causas estruturais que afetam os sistemas de saúde e se esforçar mais para atingir o equilíbrio.
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